Both the conditions of Anovulation and Oligovulation are considered as the common cause female infertility and are the result of some ovulatory disorder.

Causes For Irregular Ovulation:
Some major causes which can result in making your ovulation irregular are:

• Very low body weight
• Excessive body weight or obesity
• Ovarian faliure at any early age
• Hyperprolactinemia
• Dysfunctioning of the thyroid
• Excessive exercise
• Advanced maternal age
• Levels of stress are extreamly high

Symptoms For Irregular Ovulation:
The symptoms for irregular ovulation are:

• Irregular periods
• Length of the cycled varies from month to month.
• It be so that you have regular periods but do not ovulate.

How To Find Irregular Ovulation Cycle:

Actually, the dynamics of ovulation cycle varies from women to women. The regularity and duration of menstrual cycle is different for every women. Regular cycle is consideredas that cycle which occurs in every 21 days whereas an irregular cycle can be stretched upto 35 days or more. If it is stretched for more than 45 days then consulting a doctor for the same is essential. To keep a track of your ovulation cycle there are few methods. These includes :

• Basal Body Temperature: In this the temperature of the body is monitored each day. In case ovulation takes place in your body then the body temperature will increase in between 0.4 F – 0.8 F to keep a warmer and more fertile environment for fertillization.
• The Cervical Mucous Method: The other method is to check the changes in the cervical mucous. During menstruation the the discharge of cervical mucuous is negligble while during ovulation time is becomes more clear and slippery to give an impression of fertility.
• The Calendar Method: It is the method where you can maintain the written record of fertillity and recognise their patterns. It will also help you to predict your ovulation depending upon your menstrual histrioy.
• Ovulation Tests: These tests help you to predict with great accuracy your ovulation time of the month as they detect the hormone which is responsible for your ovulation.

Unborn Baby Hiccups:
Pregnant ladies normally have the feeling of their child having hiccups inside the womb. These hiccups can start from even the first trimester itself. But their feeling starts only in the later part of second trimester or the third trimester itself. Sometimes, mothers bother if hiccups can affect their baby. Hiccups during pregnancy do not affect the baby in any way; they are not at all harmful. Although the reason of hiccups are not known but it is considered that hiccups strengthen the diaphragm muscle, thus helping them to breathe both when they are inside the womb and when they are born. Sometimes, hiccups occurs at the same time every day.

Not only the hiccups are felt by the mother but they can also be noticed in ultrasounds and also noticed by Doppler while doctor is having routine checkup.

Hiccups After Birth:
If your baby had hiccups when it was in womb it is fore sure that he/she will have it after birth too. Even if due to some or other reason he/she does not have it there they will certainly have them after birth. Hiccups after birth do not harm the baby. Neither are they painful to child. Hiccups after the birth can occur as early as the day on which the child is born.

Hiccups occurs when the muscle of diaphragm of the baby contracts; it causes the baby to take quick short breaths. This results in hiccups. These hiccups remain for some time only. They must not bother you much. But if you are bothered and want to avoid them just try to burp your baby most often while you feed them. To stop hiccups feed them with bottle or your breast. Constant sucking will make the muscle of diaphragm relax and hiccups will not be there.

Premature babies need 8-10 feedings a day. This is necessary as the baby has a risk of suffering from dehydration.

Premature babies tend to spit out the food you are feeding them, so don’t be discouraged and be motivated to feed them sufficient food.

Premature babies can be fed solid food only after 4-6 months of their due date that they were supposed to be born on and not the date they were actually born on.

Premature babies tend to sleep for shorter periods, and they sleep often.

A premature baby should not be made to sleep on their stomach as they have the risk of dying from SIDS –Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Instead they should be made to sleep on their backs.

No pillows should be used, and make sure the baby is made to lie on a firm mattress.

There is a high risk of a premature baby suffering from retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), therefore parents need to be very careful and have constant check ups with the doctor.

Premature babies also have a high risk of suffering from hearing problems. If you notice that your baby has a problem hearing, consult your doctor immediately.

Immunizations to premature babies can be given at the same time they are given to full term babies. So parents need not worry.

Keep these points in mind and have a great time with your bundle of joy.

The child though unborn is alive to all the noises and emotions of the mother. And when spoken and loved before birth tends to respond to the mother’s voice immediately after birth amongst the many voices it hears.

Here are some tips on how the mother can develop a bond with the unborn fetus.

Massage Your Belly Smoothly: And as you massage, talk soothingly to your baby. You may find it awkward initially but later on you may get used to the very idea of talking to your baby.

Make Time: Make time everyday to talk to the little one in your womb. It is a beautiful experience and you will be surprised to see the baby responding to your voice.

Play Soothing Music: Music is a balm to the soul and its affect is the most on babies. Listen to your favorite music often and as your body calms, you will find a calming reaction in your womb also.

Read Stories To The Baby: This is another way of communicating to your child. Sing to your baby; touch your baby as often as you can. These are ways you can connect to the unborn.

Surround Yourself With Pleasant Things: This will have a soothing and calming effect on you and your baby.

Feel The Baby: During the last stages of pregnancy as you gently press against your stomach you can feel the baby’s body, and sometimes the baby also pushes back when you press your tummy.

These are beautiful ways you connect to your baby. The warmth of it is very overwhelming and should be experienced by every mother. Don’t wait for the baby to be born to enjoy its presence, instead go ahead and experience the beautiful relationship with the babe in your womb.

Also, difficulty in sleeping during the night contributes to this fatigue. Hormonal changes and increase in progesterone can also contribute to these feelings of fatigue.

By the end of the third trimester, a woman’s body is carrying on more weight. This contributes to a lot of discomfort, and leads to insomnia and cramps.

There are several ways one can cope with fatigue during pregnancy. Some of the various steps one can take up are

1) Sleeping More: A woman’s body needs lot of rest and sleep. So it’s advisable that a woman sleeps as early as possible during her 9 months of pregnancy.

2) Take A Nap: Taking a short 15-minute cat breaks every now and then can also be very refreshing.

3) Eat Several Small Healthy Meals A Day: Munching light snacks every now and then, helps provide nutrition and helps fight off fatigue and tiredness.

4) Exercise everyday: Exercising everyday also helps a pregnant mother fight off fatigue. No matter how tired pregnancy makes you, make it a point to go out walking or doing a 15-minute yoga exercise. It helps keep the body strong and allows one to deal with the pressures of labor.

5) Get Some Help: Hire a maid or an extra hand around the house that will help you deal with the extra work at home.

One needs to keep all these tips in mind in order to deal with fatigue during pregnancy.

Go with your wife to her prenatal visits
Go along with your wife to meet the doctor. Sometimes your doctor may need your medical history too. It also helps you to know the people who are taking care of your wife and the baby growing in her. Before visiting her health care provider, write down the questions you have and discuss them with her. Don’t feel shy or get afraid to ask those questions.

Make sure your wife takes right diet
Help your wife eat lots of different foods. Good food choices during pregnancy include cereal, whole grain breads, rice and pasta; skim or low-fat milk, low-fat meat and chicken, cheese and yogurt; and lots of fruits and vegetables. And, don’t forget to watch what you eat. If you eat right, it will make it easier for her.

Quit smoking
If you are smoking, you are blowing out secondhand smoke, which is not good for your partner and the baby in her. Also, pregnant women who smoke have the risk of giving birth to babies born too small and too soon. So, it is the time to quit smoking. Get the help from your doctor or de-addiction specialists.

Avoid alcohol
You and your partner have to stay away from alcohol during pregnancy time. It’s advisable for women not to take alcohol during pregnancy as it can cause birth defects. Help your partner stay away from alcohol. Also, make sure your wife takes healthy juices and more water.

Help your partner stay away from street drugs
Illegal drugs can hurt the baby. If your partner uses illegal drugs, make her stay away from them. These drugs can badly affect the growing baby. Talk to your health care provider about drugs and herbal products. Prescription drugs and over-the-counter medicines may also hurt the growing baby. Make sure that your health care provider knows about any medicines your partner is taking. The doctor will make sure whether the medicine she is taking is safe for the mother and baby or not.

Keep dangerous household products away from her
Keep dangerous things like paint, solvents paint thinner, and pesticides away from your partner.

Do exercise together
Exercise is a great thing you and your partner can do together. Walking is the easy and best exercise, and you can do it almost anywhere. Ask your partner’s health care provider about the safest kinds of exercise both of you can do together.

Help her get rest and lower stress
Let your partner get enough rest when she needs it, it is good for her and also the baby. You can help your partner by cleaning up, shopping for groceries and other needs, and making meals. Talk with your partner about your hopes and plans for your baby. It can help lower stress.

Understand the changes
Pregnancy causes many changes and mood swings in a woman. You can see your partner happy at one time and sad the next time. These mood swings are very common during pregnancy. Sometimes your partner also feels tired, because of the hard work to carry a baby inside her body. You have to understand all these changes and give enough support to her.

Is Sex Safe During Pregnancy?
Sex is always safe during pregnancy if you have a low risk pregnancy with no or few complications. You can take the advise of your doctor on whether you should avoid sex for any reason. Most women can maintain a healthy and fulfilling sexual relationship throughout their pregnancy.

Will I Enjoy Sex During Pregnancy?
Many women shy away from sex during their first trimester as morning sickness and fatigue get in the way of their lovemaking. Some women find themselves large during the third trimester, and so prefer not to have sex. However, others continue having intercourse up to their delivery date.

Will Sex Hurt the Baby?
The most common concern of husbands is that sex will hurt the baby. Some men fear that they will bump into the baby during sex. However this concern is actually unfounded. If your husband is overly concerned, ask him to join you at your prenatal visits. The reassurance from your physician that your husband will not hurt or bump into the baby clears all doubts of your husband.

Remember that often pregnancy turns into an emotional roller coaster. Your husband may be concerned that you might react differently or get scared of the thought of having a family in general. Some men find it difficult to be intimate with their wives even when they understand that they are not going to harm the baby. Its mainly because they feel another presence in the room.

Intimacy Without Sex
That said, many men and women have different ideas and concerns throughout their pregnancy. If you do not engage in intercourse with your husband, you should so all that you can to nurture your relationship throughout the pregnancy period. There are many ways both of you can share intimacy without actually participating in intercourse. Kissing, holding hands, foot rubs and back rubs are all different ways to share intimacy with your partner.

The best way you can maintain better relationship with your partner during your pregnancy is maintaining better communication with your partner. Inform your partner of your needs. Let him know where you are coming from and also what you want and need from him.

Right Positions
You and your partner might be wondering which positions are right and best to maintain a healthy sexual relationship during pregnancy. Your major will be your growing and expanding belly. Keeping an open mind and being creative will solve your concerns. Most women find it uncomfortable to have sex in a missionary position after the first or mid second trimester. You can try various positions like – flipping over, woman on top and lying next to one another.

In the First Trimester:
In the first trimester common anxieties would be: partner’s health, financial worries and concerns about fatherhood. Here are the tips to handle these anxieties.

For your wife/partner:

• Discuss with your wife about hopes and dreams, fears and anxieties of becoming parents to a child.
• Regularly go on walks along with your partner.
• Talk about how to handle various things in the coming months and how to enjoy the pregnancy time.

For yourself:

• Spend some time with your close heart-to-heart friends with whom you can share the news of your ‘new role’ and enjoy those moments.
• Purchase one or few books on parenting, go through them and prepare yourself to be ‘the best’ father.
• Also spend sometime alone and enjoy the feelings of becoming a father.

In the Second Trimester:
Change in the sexuality of your partner due to the hormonal changes in her body will be a major worry for you during this time. But don’t worry too much. Pay a heed to these great tips.

For your wife/partner:

• This is the time you have to start helping your partner in household chores. Happily accept this new job and perform it well.
• Take share in the feelings of your partner on going to be a great mom soon.
• Let your wife know clearly that she has to inform and discuss on the positives and negatives she may face in the coming months.

For yourself:

• Talk with two other fathers on how they feel as being parents.
• If possible, ask your father about his reactions when you are in and out of your mom’s womb.

In the Third Trimester:

The physical changes that your partner goes through and their adverse effect on her psychological state will be a major problem for you. Anyway don’t worry; we are here to help you. Just follow these tips.

For your wife/partner:

• Prepare your home to welcome the new family member by – getting things like baby furniture, readying the house, preparing extra meals,…..
• Let your partner know that you love to hear in her own words – what you can do for her at the time of delivery.
• Go on a tour to the place where your baby will born.

For yourself:

• Prepare yourself – personally and professionally – for the birth. Check, see and understand properly how flexible your work will be before and after delivery.
• Get information from any of your known friends-cum-fathers about their experience of babies’ births. It helps you to prepare in advance how to handle the situations at the time of delivery.